![]() This is a medical emergency, managed by the application of pressure to the wound – stopping the bleeding, and the entry of air. Air will be drawn into the vein, producing cyanosis, and can stop blood flow through the right atrium. If it is severed, in an injury such as a knife slash, its lumen is held open – this is due to the thick layer of investing fascia (for more information see Fascial Layers of the Neck). The external jugular vein has a relatively superficial course down the neck, leaving it vulnerable to damage. As it crosses the first rib, it becomes the axillary artery, which goes onto supply the upper limb.Ĭlinical Relevance: The External Jugular Vein The distal part of the subclavian artery can be located as it emerges between the anterior and middle scalene muscles. The subclavian, transverse cervical and suprascapular veins are accompanied by their respective arteries in the posterior triangle. The transverse cervical and suprascapular veins also lie in the posterior triangle The subclavian vein is often used as a point of access to the venous system, via a central catheter. Within the posterior triangle, the external jugular vein pierces the investing layer of fascia and empties into the subclavian vein. Formed by the retromandibular and posterior auricular veins, it lies superficially, entering the posterior triangle after crossing the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The external jugular vein is one of the major veins of the neck region. Anterior, middle and posterior scalenes.The muscle then crosses underneath the SCM to enter the anterior triangle of the neck.Ī number of vertebral muscles (covered by prevertebral fascia) form the floor of the posterior triangle: ![]() The inferior belly crosses the posterior triangle, travelling in an supero-medial direction, and splitting the triangle into two. It is split into two bellies by a tendon. ![]() The posterior triangle of the neck contains many muscles, which make up the borders and the floor of the area.Ī significant muscle in the posterior triangle region is the omohyoid muscle.
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